Pepper Spray

Pepper spray is a practical self-defense weapon which uses oleoresin capsicum (OC), extracted from chili peppers by an organic solvent. The OC extract is combined with an emulsifier (usually propylene), and pressurized into a canister.

The compound, known as a lachrymatory agent, is highly irritating when sprayed in the eyes, causing the eyes to shut and tear intensely in order to attempt to wash the compound out. It can also irritate the skin and mucous membranes of the throat, resulting in coughing and choking. Although the attacker is not paralyzed, they usually fall to the ground and will be temporarily be incapacitated.

Although the pepper spray effect is determined by a number of factors, such as distance, wind speed and where the spray hits, it only takes a few seconds for the sprays to work. Depending on the strength of the spray, from 2% to 17% capsicum, the effect should last from 10 to 45 minutes. Pepperspray should not be sprayed in a straight line, but rather in a circular motion for up to one and a half seconds.

Law enforcement studies have shown that for policemen, since its introduction in 1992, both excessive force complaints and officer injuries have declined dramatically. Although there are little statistics for the general public, pepper spray remains an excellent, non-lethal way for people to protect themselves.